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[quote]
Portugal decriminalized possession of all drugs for personal use and personal use of all drugs in 2001. People caught with drugs were sent before a panel consisting of a psychologist, doctor and legal adviser, where instead of punishment they were offered treatment. Recent research suggests that 5 years after decriminalization "illegal drug use among teens has declined and rates of new HIV infections caused by sharing of dirty needles dropped, while the number of people seeking treatment for drug addiction more than doubled."

See http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1893946,00.html

Should we get excited or treat the results of the research with caution?
[quote]
we should ignore the results... it is after all only Portugal... and stay on our current course of prohibition as it is working so well, for all

or more evidence to suggest prohibition doesn't work yet this research won't make a blind bit of difference to the war on drugs
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spoken like a true conservative republican bob_d Music
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oh and <3 the "war" on drugs, like the "war" on terror, nothing better than waging war on concepts.
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republican me... nice

banning concepts at great cost to the tax payer = awesome policy
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but without a war on something, where would we be?
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peace?

Shocked
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think about all the jobs the war on drugs creates

jobs for cops, judges, lawyers, prison guards, customs officers, letfie pinko reform advocatets, hired muscle, hitman, corner boys, drivers, front men, additional political aides for dirty politicians, etc etc etc

decriminalizing would mean a whole lot of people would be out of a job. And then what? They'll probably turn to crime.
[quote]
well, NZ being NZ, if we try it, we'll do it wrong. Laughing
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neil_armstrong said:
decriminalizing would mean a whole lot of people would be out of a job. And then what? They'll probably turn to crime.

They could sell drugs.
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there must be more to the world in which we live than justifying retarded policies on the number of jobs these policies created
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Nothing us economic pundits have not been saying since day dot and taking a lot of slack for too may I add. To be sure decriminalization is a step in the right direction, but the ultimate step is legalization, because it ensures regulation of the market by government.

This means: tax revenue (which can pay for any social costs this may impose on society et al), age restrictions, ensured quality of product (reducing the amount of overdoses), restrictions on advertising, the number of prisons and prisoners being reduced (a massive cost on the tax payer), respectable people (or people who may be respectable) being able to aquire and use drugs without being made into criminals, the cost of drugs coming down (this alone will mean adddicts can afford their drugs and less crime will result).

I bid you to watch this:



One more thing, when are we going to realize that the drug problem is not really a criminal problem but more a health problem? We will eventually get there, we just need to wait for the older generations (the ones who hold all the power) to die off and be replaced by our generation.
[quote]
bob daktari said:
there must be more to the world in which we live than justifying retarded policies on the number of jobs these policies created


I'm not aware of Portugal's judiciary twiddling their thumbs now that the druggies are no longer appearing in court or the legal profession going bust. I'm pretty sure that the cops are still patrolling the streets, and politicians and their aides continuing with their dirty deeds, and Portugal's reform activists might be a cause down now, but there is always environmental protection or illegal whaling to latch on to.

Everyone neil has mentioned would still have a job with drugs decriminalized. All decriminalization does, from a criminal justice perspective, is remove the small fish (ie the personal users). But, with dealers and importers and traffickers, there is plenty more fish in the sea.
[quote]
Rival said:
One more thing, when are we going to realize that the drug problem is not really a criminal problem but more a health problem?


Agreed. However, arguably decrminalization shifts the weight of the problem to the health sector, which given that it is already heavily under-resourced, could probably do without extra baggage.
[quote]
bellamysgirl said:
...research suggests that 5 years after decriminalization "illegal drug use among teens has declined and rates...


See, if their 'problem' drug was meth then I'd say this would be a winner to apply in NZ, but it isn't.

I know a couple of ppl who live in Portugal who've clubbed/partied/indulged for many years and they'd never heard of people smoking meth there. It's all cocaine etc - much less antisocial drugs when taken casually.

Portugal also started with a much lower use of most drugs as well (maybe it's a conservative/Catholic country thing) plus they have a very low violent crime rate compared to NZ. (maybe because their criminal punishments are very harsh compared to many around them or that they're just happier, more chilled people?)

Add NZs use of meth and violent crime tendencies together under something like this and it would not be pretty imo.
[quote]
Didn't the article say that prior to decriminalization Portugal had one of the highest rates of hard-drug use in Europe?
[quote]
RobW said:
Add NZs use of meth and violent crime tendencies together under something like this and it would not be pretty imo.


I take your point that we need to be careful about transplanting Portugal's success into other countries, but I do think there is something in this research that is worth considering when thinking about drug policy. Do you think that prison and other criminal penalties are an effective way of reducing meth use and the associated violent crime in NZ? Has it worked so far?
[quote]
bellamysgirl said:
I take your point that we need to be careful about transplanting Portugal's success into other countries, but I do think there is something in this research that is worth considering when thinking about drug policy. Do you think that prison and other criminal penalties are an effective way of reducing meth use and the associated violent crime in NZ? Has it worked so far?


I am all for making the black-market aspect of drug use go away.. How to do it is another thing.

As for prison and other penalties not reducing meth use.. you could look at the other side of the coin. The namby pamby approach seems to fail with even better efficiency. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10570699

Hard to know what the answer is. I reckon different people need different methods to be honest.
[quote]
bellamysgirl said:
Rival said:
One more thing, when are we going to realize that the drug problem is not really a criminal problem but more a health problem?


Agreed. However, arguably decrminalization shifts the weight of the problem to the health sector, which given that it is already heavily under-resourced, could probably do without extra baggage.


Without a doubt...

And this is why us economists (<- heh I can say this now) support legalization, because revenue from tax can assist the health sector with any additional strain the problem may create. Decriminalization does not achieve this goal.

And I will still say this, the fact remains the institution that is the health sector, is far better equiped to deal with this problem than the criminal one...
[quote]
If meth was regulated and cheaper, a lot of the crime that it creates, would be reduced.

Not so many people ripping each other off (and causing escalating violance) for their much required hit.
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didn't we use the same logic when we lowered the drinking age to 18? How did that work out for us?

Like someone else said, copying other countries without considering demographic / culture differences is not the best way forward.
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Not always the best way forward Virgo, no, but I have not asserted this (if your comments are aimed at me) and I am actually for increasing the drinking age. I would also support similar age restrictions on other drugs too.
[quote]
Rival said:
If meth was regulated and cheaper, a lot of the crime that it creates, would be reduced.

Not so many people ripping each other off (and causing escalating violance) for their much required hit.


I don't think you can say that about the most addictive drugs like Meth though. The price might go down which, to me, would mean the people who become addicts would reach the crazy stage much faster than now since there would be less roadblocks in the way.
[quote]
Not you, I was just talking to protagonsists of the programme in general.....

Keep in mind, NZ has already made some moves towards drug regulation of sorts, we have implemented methadone programmes for people wanting to get off drugs, I used to manage a construction site not too far from a pharmacy where one of those programmes was operating, and guess what, you could spot the people coming in for their methadone rations from a mile away...... most of them looked like they hadn't slept in days, sometimes they'd show up about an hour before the pharmacy opened and just sit outside waiting for it to open up........and needless to say, obviously all jobless. One guy showed up and was already out of it on other stuff before he arrived at the pharmacy, so they'd just stroll onto our work site and start talking nonsense to the workers!!

You really start to wonder if we were better off letting these people do their own thing in their drug underworld, rather than just have them walking the streets like that, it really wasn't a pretty sight. Is the only benefit of these programmes to cut down crime and prisoner numbers?

Sure, they are both very good outcomes, but:

http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/GE0904/S00047.htm
[quote]
Thats an interesting dynamic to consider... Usually from my observation, a lot of the people who end up in the crazy stage, start acting on their pent up frustration, over other people taking advantage of them or not paying them et al.

I always question how innocent the victoms are of antagonization, at other times the crazies cause crime due to not being able, to afford the drug and acting out of desperation.

If our hospitals were better equiped, we could manage this. I.e. give them their hit, keep them contained, force them to go to sleep or have the right to put the person to sleep. Such information would be provided on the drug packaging.

Of course not all the behavior or crime can fit into those two catagories but a lot of it does.
[quote]
virgo1 said:
I used to manage a construction site not too far from a pharmacy where one of those programmes was operating, and guess what, you could spot the people coming in for their methadone rations from a mile away...... most of them looked like they hadn't slept in days, sometimes they'd show up about an hour before the pharmacy opened and just sit outside waiting for it to open up........and needless to say, obviously all jobless.


You see I wonder what these people would do, without such an avenue, immediately I think of an increase in crime. But it's all about a certain percentage that everyone can continue to argue about. I come more from the direction of attempting to minimise the costs on society. FYI I have not read your scoop article yet.
[quote]
Upon reading your scoop article Virgo, they make a couple of assumptions that are easily placed into question. They assume a lower cost automatically leads to an increase of low risk uers. Most of the data so far collected, suggests that lowering the price does not necessarily increase the amount of users. I base this on drug studies in the Netherlands, I will try and dig this up.

Also the model assumes dealers and users honour their deals is something that doesn't match obversation. A lot of problems are created by dealers and users NOT honouring their deals and getting away with it, because the market is not regulated.
[quote]
Paper for Virgo:

THE ROLE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN DUTCH DRUG CONTROL POLICY - Dr. C. Frits Ruter, Professor of Criminal Law, University of Amsterdam

Two applicable references are at the bottom. This is a good read.

http://www.hoboes.com/pub/Prohibition/Crime%20and%20Punishment/Holland/Law%20Enforcement%20in%20Dutch%20Policy
[quote]
bellamysgirl said:
Portugal decriminalized possession of all drugs for personal use ... Recent research suggests that 5 years after decriminalization "illegal drug use among teens has declined /0,8599,1893946,00.html


REALLY?

let's decriminalise murder and manslaughter and see that illegal homicides will decline!
[quote]
bob daktari said:
we should ignore the results... it is after all only Portugal... and stay on our current course of prohibition as it is working so well, for all

or more evidence to suggest prohibition doesn't work yet this research won't make a blind bit of difference to the war on drugs


Latest US drugs stats show major declines in youth use of E and LSD, also major increases in price and drop in purity of meth. THOSE are winning signs
[quote]
What drug causes the most problem for law enforcement in NZ?

Alcohol.

How does increasing the prevalence of other drugs possibly reduce crimes?

My god, legal meth? Tweakers all over the fucking place? Can you IMAGINE the mess? You might get rid of some Goldstein-economic dependent crime but the Goldstein-psychopharmalogical crime will rocket.

METH IS A FUCKING MENACE. ALL THE HYPE IS ABSOLUTELY FUCKING CORRECT. METH IS EVIL.
[quote]
very interesting thread topic BG Smile

agree with the above about alcohol

agree that meth is evil

but overall I believe in the decriminalisation of drugs, people have to make their own choices in life, and face the consequences

even if it means less work for me Razz
[quote]
justhanging said:
...people have to make their own choices in life, and face the consequences


The problem with this is it's often everyone else who has to face the consequences for a person's meth addiction.
[quote]
I read that with regards to marijuana usage specifically, most users give it up in their 30s...this was the finding of a Beckley Commission research in the UK (I think). So if this is the way people treat marijuana here then I would not be too fussed about 'decriminalising' it - that is, closely monitoring it and having tight regulations because it its use is obviously not as prolific as once thought.

And this has always been my view with regards to passing new laws - making a law that disagrees with public sentiment will only lead to massive social unrest. Right now NZ is still a country that accepts alchohol but not drugs - making laws that decriminalise drugs will not make drug dealers or users any more integrated into society than the majority people want them to be....the law doesn't change people's attitudes, in fact it is the people's attitudes that should change the law.
[quote]
That’s certainly true Virgo, hence why we debate such topics in the CA forum, in order to spread awareness. What people need to realize is that regardless of whether or not you agree with me about legalizing all drugs, once a drug actually comes into a market, it's very difficult to purge. In fact it's difficult to completely control an economy in general, which is something many socialists fail to understand, the market will never be entirely under our jurisdiction.

So the problem then becomes, how do we deal with a problem like drugs if we can't completely control the market, and at the moment our policy seems counterproductive, despite being well intended. As many economists will contest, policy can actually make things worse and end up costing the tax payer enormously, which in the case of drug prohibition, fuels an ever increasing underbelly of crime, that can even corrupt government institutions.

One aspect worth considering is that we may be able to keep a nasty drug like Meths’ prevalence to a minimum, by fine tuning policy or using a more multilayered approach. This could translate directly into what is described in the working paper I posted above by Dr. C. Frits Ruter, where they site an "expediency principle". This is where the Public Prosecutions Department is empowered to refrain from bringing criminal proceedings if that is in the public interest.

For example: if someone is found with possession of a small quantity of hard drugs for personal consumption: no specific police investigation is required, no pre-trial detention and as a rule no prosecution, while prosecution of production, import, export and large scale trafficking remains intact.

When we translate that into dealing with a drug like Meth, we could keep it decriminalized for users, while continuing to prosecute trafficking, AND at the same time we could legalize another drug, like say MDMA, with the intention to lower its price and keep it more affordable and competitive than Meth, so that it develops greater market share. Unorthodox yes, but an alternative to consider when compared with already failing strategies.
[quote]
vadinho said:
bellamysgirl said:
Portugal decriminalized possession of all drugs for personal use ... Recent research suggests that 5 years after decriminalization "illegal drug use among teens has declined /0,8599,1893946,00.html


REALLY?

let's decriminalise murder and manslaughter and see that illegal homicides will decline!



Neutral

I think the point of that statistic was the demographic rather than the 'illegal' part.

In case your point was that if we decriminalize drugs, we should also decriminalize murder and manslaughter, I for one see a massive difference between personal possession of drugs as an offence on one hand, and murder and manslaughter on the other.
[quote]
virgo1 said:
making laws that decriminalise drugs will not make drug dealers or users any more integrated into society than the majority people want them to be....


Drug dealers should not be integrated at all. Decriminalization would only apply to personal use and possession for personal use, dealing would remain illegal.
[quote]
exceot for those underage dealing would all but be redundant

one of the arguments for legalisation is if all drugs are legal and controlled by the state the current market would change - for example if one has the option of P or coke (or even simple speed) and the means P wouldn't be the drug of choice, thus one could suggest that certain drugs that cause great harm may via market forces decline, add in public education and health inititives and its a whole new world... with lots of sparkly lights
[quote]
bob daktari said:
exceot for those underage dealing would all but be redundant


if all drugs were legalized and the drug trade was in the hands of the state, then yes dealing would be redundant. but if it's just decriminalizing personal use, then dealing would continue, would it not? the users still need to get it from somewhere.
[quote]
My comments were more aimed at the paper Rival posted up, there is a bullet point there that indicates that private dealing IS in fact legal, as long as I don't do it provocatively and don't widely advertise it, so basically for me and my mates to have a smoke up but no one else, I'm not sure how you would deal with word of mouth spreading the fact that you are a dealer, and is it possible for me to have 'too many friends' to smoke up with??
[quote]
bellamysgirl said:
vadinho said:
bellamysgirl said:
Portugal decriminalized possession of all drugs for personal use ... Recent research suggests that 5 years after decriminalization "illegal drug use among teens has declined /0,8599,1893946,00.html


REALLY?

let's decriminalise murder and manslaughter and see that illegal homicides will decline!



Neutral

I think the point of that statistic was the demographic rather than the 'illegal' part.

In case your point was that if we decriminalize drugs, we should also decriminalize murder and manslaughter, I for one see a massive difference between personal possession of drugs as an offence on one hand, and murder and manslaughter on the other.


that wasn't my point at all
by definition decriminalising an activity will reduce the number of that type of illegal acts won't it
[quote]
Rival said:

For example: if someone is found with possession of a small quantity of hard drugs for personal consumption: no specific police investigation is required, no pre-trial detention and as a rule no prosecution, while prosecution of production, import, export and large scale trafficking remains intact.


You don't think the police in just about every country already do this? There is a big chunk of constabulary discretion.
[quote]
bob daktari said:
exceot for those underage dealing would all but be redundant

one of the arguments for legalisation is if all drugs are legal and controlled by the state the current market would change - for example if one has the option of P or coke (or even simple speed) and the means P wouldn't be the drug of choice, thus one could suggest that certain drugs that cause great harm may via market forces decline, add in public education and health inititives and its a whole new world... with lots of sparkly lights


What the fuck? Why would people choose coke over speed, given an equivalent price?

I've seen charts of the dopamine or whatever release of cocaine vs meth. Meth wins. Meth lasts longer. Meth will beat coke, hands down. The only reason coke survives is that it's less habit forming and has a classier image. On a get you fucked for cost scale, meth is the outright winner of every non-opiate drug.

And nobody is going to choose crappy 10% "speed" over 60% purity shit.
[quote]
vadinho said:
that wasn't my point at all
by definition decriminalising an activity will reduce the number of that type of illegal acts won't it


you're conflating decriminalization and legalization.
[quote]
vadinho said:
You don't think the police in just about every country already do this? There is a big chunk of constabulary discretion.


Police have discretion to not enforce all sorts of crimes, what's your point?
[quote]
bellamysgirl said:
vadinho said:
You don't think the police in just about every country already do this? There is a big chunk of constabulary discretion.


Police have discretion to not enforce all sorts of crimes, what's your point?


What's the point of recommending a policy change that isn't actually a policy change?

In the REAL WORLD, some murdering meth dealers were sentenced to 15 years jail each today Smile
[quote]
vadinho said:
What's the point of recommending a policy change that isn't actually a policy change?


Vads, constabulary discretion obviously exists but not to the same degree, especially in regards to harddrugs. Over here YOU would be convicted for possession of a small amount regardless of whether its only for personal consumption.
[quote]
vadinho said:
bellamysgirl said:
vadinho said:
You don't think the police in just about every country already do this? There is a big chunk of constabulary discretion.


Police have discretion to not enforce all sorts of crimes, what's your point?


What's the point of recommending a policy change that isn't actually a policy change?


Before you were confusing decriminalization and legalization, now you are confusing decriminalization with constabulary discretion. Decriminalizing drugs would be a clear policy change, as criminal sanctions would no longer apply to the conduct which they previously did apply to.

Rival had already answered your point anyway.
[quote]
vadinho said:
bob daktari said:
exceot for those underage dealing would all but be redundant

one of the arguments for legalisation is if all drugs are legal and controlled by the state the current market would change - for example if one has the option of P or coke (or even simple speed) and the means P wouldn't be the drug of choice, thus one could suggest that certain drugs that cause great harm may via market forces decline, add in public education and health inititives and its a whole new world... with lots of sparkly lights


What the fuck? Why would people choose coke over speed, given an equivalent price?

I've seen charts of the dopamine or whatever release of cocaine vs meth. Meth wins. Meth lasts longer. Meth will beat coke, hands down. The only reason coke survives is that it's less habit forming and has a classier image. On a get you fucked for cost scale, meth is the outright winner of every non-opiate drug.

And nobody is going to choose crappy 10% "speed" over 60% purity shit.


Spoken by someone who has clearly never indulged in any of these drugs Razz
[quote]
Taken from the link I have already provided above, this portion here "quoted", very much sums it up for me....

quote:
"Criminal Law must fail

Criminal law fails despite extensive penal provisions, intensive law enforcement and severe penalties. And it *must* fail because of two simple and well-established truths. Firstly: demand creates supply and thus provides the impetus to do what, in the case of illicit drugs, is prohibited by the law, and secondly: never in the history of mankind has criminal law succeeded in completely eliminating proscribed behavior, not even when the law was backed by almost universal public understanding and support. We all know that.

We have become accustomed to the idea that the criminal law can never prevent more than a given proportion of crime. Theft, rape and murder will always be with us and yet no one argues that these acts should be decriminalised because the criminal law has failed to eliminate them entirely. We just accept the deficient operation and limited success of the criminal law because the position that has been reached is the best one possible given the circumstances. But: things are different in the case of drug use because the deficient operation of the law takes us even further away from our goal. What happens, after all? The trafficker sells drugs in order to make money. If his profits were to dry up or be exceeded by the costs he incurs, he would go out of business and drugs would no longer be supplied.

Seizure of drugs

In theory his profits could dry up if it could be ensured that the drugs do not reach the customer. Naturally, the criminal law is not needed for this purpose. Any agency could confiscate illicit drugs. Yet it might be supposed that the law enforcement agencies, given all their resources and powers, would have a great success rate in the seizure of drugs. This, however, is not true; a 10% seizure-rate is the most optimistic estimate.

Costs passed on

The other course of action would be to allow the cost to rise so much that the traffickers have to work at a loss. This too cannot be effected through law enforcement. Of course, law enforcement measures push up the costs for the trafficker, but they have little effect because he simply passes the extra costs on to the consumers, who in turn pass them on to the general public. the latter are forced to finance the drugs market as the victims of theft, embezzlement, burglary, robbery and other drug-related crimes. So the price mechanism simply does not work.

No shortage

The seizure of drugs and the arrest of traffickers have little effect as well because both drugs and traffickers are quickly replaced. the enormous profits ensure that shortages occur hardly ever. Even worse: when a young dealer can make 500 dollars a day, this will influence the behavior of his peer group far more than any drug education program can possibly do.

Seizure of profits

Seizure of the profits from the drug trade - which at present is the subject of international negotiations and conventions - can only succeed if there is worldwide solidarity. Unfortunately this is in short supply. I need only say "Switzerland", "The Bahamas" or "Luxemburg" and you know what I mean.

Law Enforcement not an Ally

So far we have seen that law enforcement is a weak, highly overrated and grossly overpaid ally. That is dangerous enough when you are waging a war relying almost exclusively on that ally.

But the situation is worse. When we take a second look it becomes obvious that law enforcement is not an ally at all. The inevitably deficient operation and limited success of the criminal law transforms the drug trade into an entrepreneurs' paradise, creating and maintaining a black market which guarantees huge tax free profits and stabilises supply and price. Law enforcement does not, therefore, deter the trade.

Instead it encourages drug trafficking at every possible level and it is fostering an international mafia whose immense income, highly developed criminal organisation and far-flung interests are enabling it to extend its sphere of influence into legitimate business and into governments. In the drug war, therefore, law enforcement is not an ally: it is a traitor." ~ Dr. C. Frits Ruter
[quote]
The governator is considering legalising marijuana for tax and cost savings purposes.

http://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=10571261
[quote]
vadinho said:

What the fuck? Why would people choose coke over speed, given an equivalent price?

I've seen charts of the dopamine or whatever release of cocaine vs meth. Meth wins. Meth lasts longer. Meth will beat coke, hands down. The only reason coke survives is that it's less habit forming and has a classier image. On a get you fucked for cost scale, meth is the outright winner of every non-opiate drug.

And nobody is going to choose crappy 10% "speed" over 60% purity shit.


Don't be ridiculous. People take drugs to have fun, that doesn't mean they'll automatically take the messiest option available. The reason coke survives is simply because people prefer it as a social drug they can take casually as opposed to getting utterly wasted.

In the UK meth is available but compared to other drugs hardly ever touched owing to the side effects and easy availability of other preferable substances.
[quote]
That might not be due to a reduction in drug-related crime. From memory, I think the level of drug-use in the Netherlands is about the same as in the rest of comparable European countries. There was a rise in marijuana use about 10 years after the de-criminalization kicked in the Netherlands, and it seems to be because of coffee shops and the 'commercialization' of marijuana.

It's an interesting point actually, it seems to me that any de-criminalization of drugs would have to hand in hand with a prohibition on their commercialization, marketing etc. The last thing we'd want is a joint becoming as popular as a can of coke.
[quote]
It will be a mix of reasons, but I would say it mostly is due to their policies on drugs though BG. You are correct in that decriminalization or even legalization requires regulation. Something I have maintained from the beginning of any of my pro legalization arguments.
[quote]
I hope it's due to the drug policy but I am yet to find any evidence that supports the assertion. The drug policy has been in place in the Netherlands since 1976, while I expect that it would take some time for a drop in crime stats to be observed, it has been over 30 years now.
[quote]
Well it could be an incorrect assumption. To me it smacked of the outcome of their drug policies, but I may be wrong on that (probably suffering from cognitive dissonance) and must digress, because I don't actually have any evidence to back it up.

Your claim over the time period involved does place my assumption into serious question too. I would have expected the decline in prisoners to be rather rapid. What have they done then that has lead to such a rapid decline in prisoners?

There will be evidence and reasons why, I'm just too busy at the moment to start a new target for serious study. Will look into this at a later date.
[quote]
I've been trying to figure it out myself and have looked at their crime stats, all I can find is that theft has reduced, quite considerably it seems.