The ones you can use in the EU are combination eftpos and "debit" cards...
Most of Europe used to run on a system called Switch and/or Maestro, but this has been fazed out mostly and taken over by schemes like 'Visa Debit'
They're all Debit cards, and they're all sort of EFTPOS (i.e. Electronic Funds Transfer at Point Of Sale) but you need to be aware of the different brands when travelling as the systems don't connect with each other. "eftpos" is pretty much exclusive to Australia and NZ and they don't always connect either. Basically don't just assume your card will work overseas.
Visa Debit is the biggest one at the moment, and that is what all the "travelcards" I've seen are based on. My issue with the travelcards is how you have to load them up with money, and the fees they charge you.
In saying this, I just went to Italy for a month and only took my Credit Card. I got charged Foreign exchange fees for every transaction plus Cash Advance Fees for every ATM transaction... but like Pechora said, it's only money.